Homicide: Case Study of Effect of Place

• Largest racial gap of 15 leading causes of death in 1998:

  • 6.7 times higher for black than white males
  • 3.9 times higher for black than white females

• Stably high over time: Black homicide death rate was 30.5 per 100,000 in 1950 and 30.6 in 1996

• Large racial differences in homicide at every level of SES